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仲鎢酸銨生產(chǎn)中鎢渣的污染特性分析

Research on Polluting Characteristic of Tungsten Residue from Ammonium Paratungstate (APT)

  • 摘要: 采集了14家仲鎢酸銨（APT）生產(chǎn)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生的鎢渣，分別采用HJ/T299—2007《固體廢物 浸出毒性浸出方法 硫酸硝酸法》和GB 5085.3—2007《危險廢物鑒別標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 浸出毒性鑒別》附錄S推薦的方法分析了鎢渣中重金屬的濃度及浸出濃度，并研究了鎢渣的污染特征。結(jié)果表明，鎢渣中重金屬濃度服從正態(tài)分布，濃度較高的重金屬為Cu、Zn和類金屬As，其最大值分別為6 260、25 000和26 900 mg/kg，平均值分別為3 510、4 560和5 640 mg/kg；浸出濃度較大的是Pb、As和Hg，其最大值分別為33.6、26.2和0.85 mg/L，超出GB 5085.3—2007中規(guī)定的相應(yīng)限值的6.72、5.24和8.5倍，超標(biāo)率分別為14.3%、21.4%和42.9%；鎢渣中As、Mo和Hg是特征污染物，應(yīng)作為危險廢物進行管理。

     

    Abstract: The tungsten residue from 14 ammonium paratungstate (APT) industries was sampled, the total concentrations of heavy metals in the residue and the leaching concentrations were respectively analyzed by Solid Waste-extraction Procedure for Leaching Toxicity-sulphuric Acid & Nitric Acid Method (HJ/T 299-2007) and appendix S of Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes-identification for Extraction Toxicity (GB 5085.3-2007), and the polluting characteristics of the tungsten residue defined. The results show that the total concentrations of heavy metals of tungsten residue are in accordance with the normal distribution, and Cu, Zn and As have relatively high concentrations, with maximum value of 6 260, 25 000 and 26 900mg/kg, and mean value of 3 510, 4 560 and 5 640 mg/kg respectively. On other hand, the leaching concentrations of Pb, As and Hg are higher than others, with maximum value of 33.6, 26.2 and 0.85 mg/L, which are 6.72, 5.24, 8.5 times higher than the standard values stipulated by GB 5085.3-2007, and the exceeding standard rate is 14.3%, 21.4% and 42.9% respectively. Tungsten residue is attributed to hazardous waste, whose featured pollutants are As, Mo and Hg.

     

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